Physiology

Physiology is a fundamental branch of biology that focuses on the functions and mechanisms of living organisms and their parts.

Key Areas

Cell, Systems, Integrative, Comparative, Exercise Physiology

Importance in Healthcare

Foundation of Medical Knowledge: Physiology provides the basis for understanding how the body functions in health and disease, essential for all healthcare professionals.

Physiology is a fundamental branch of biology that focuses on the functions and mechanisms of living organisms and their parts. Within the Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, physiology is essential for understanding how the body works in health and disease. It encompasses various sub-disciplines that explore the intricate processes that keep organisms alive and functioning.

• Cell Physiology:
  • Study of the functions of cells, including cellular processes like metabolism, signal transduction, and cell communication.
  • Understanding cell membrane dynamics, ion channels, and cellular homeostasis.
• Systems Physiology:
  • Cardiovascular Physiology: Study of the heart and blood vessels, focusing on how blood circulates and the regulation of blood pressure.
  • Respiratory Physiology: Examination of the respiratory system, including gas exchange, oxygen transport, and the mechanics of breathing.
  • Renal Physiology: Study of kidney function, fluid and electrolyte balance, and waste excretion.
  • Gastrointestinal Physiology: Exploration of the digestive system, nutrient absorption, and gut motility.
  • Neurophysiology: Study of the nervous system, including nerve function, synaptic transmission, and sensory and motor pathways.
  • Endocrine Physiology: Examination of hormone production and action, and the regulation of metabolic processes.
• Integrative Physiology:
  • Study of how different systems of the body work together to maintain homeostasis and respond to environmental changes.
  • Focus on interactions between various physiological systems, such as the link between the nervous and endocrine systems.

• Comparative Physiology:
  • Study of physiological functions across different species to understand adaptive mechanisms.
  • Insights into evolutionary processes and how different organisms cope with environmental challenges.
• Exercise Physiology:
  • Study of how physical activity affects body function, including muscle physiology, energy metabolism, and cardiovascular and respiratory adaptations.
  • Research on performance, endurance, and recovery in both athletes and the general population.
• Pathophysiology:
  • Study of altered physiological processes associated with disease or injury.
  • Understanding the mechanisms underlying conditions such as diabetes, hypertension, and neurological disorders.